好久没写APP designer工具了，于是写了一个一键生成色卡工具，效果如下：
可以自定义颜色数量，颜色格式，生成的色卡还能一键保存，保存效果：
- 点击Load Img按钮导入图片
- 更改ColorNum制定颜色数目
- 更改ColorType选择颜色类型
- 点击Run按钮生成色卡
- 通过色卡左上角Toolbar保存图片
保存图片按钮位置如下图所示：
主要是将原本
m
×
n
×
3
m×n×3
m×n×3大小三维数组，变为
n
m
nm
nm行
3
3
3列的二维数组，并将其数据格式由
u
i
n
t
8
uint8
uint8变为
d
o
u
b
l
e
double
double: 
K-means不像高斯混合分布需要手写，mathworks官网就有该函数，这就省了很大的力气，这里为了运算速度，单纯的使用了欧几里德距离的平方度量方式：
d
(
x
,
c
)
=
(
x
−
c
)
(
x
−
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)
′
d(x,c)=(x−c)(x−c)'
d(x,c)=(x−c)(x−c)′ 聚类结果可视化效果如下： 
function colourAtla
% @author slandarer
% use k-means algorithm to generate
% a colour atla for a image
global colorNum colorList colorType oriPic RGBList
% 颜色数量
colorNum=2;
% 初始颜色列表
colorList=[189 115 138; 237 173 158
140 199 181; 120 205 205
79 148 205; 205 150 205];
% 颜色格式
% [0 1] -> 1
% [0 255] -> 2
% #hex -> 3
% hsv -> 4
colorType=3;
% 三维图片矩阵
oriPic=[];
% RGB数据列
RGBList=[];
% =========================================================================
% figure窗口构建
atlaFig=uifigure('units','pixels');
atlaFig.Position=[10,65,750,500];
atlaFig.NumberTitle='off';
atlaFig.MenuBar='none';
atlaFig.Name='colour atla 1.0 | by slandarer';
atlaFig.Color=[1,1,1];
atlaFig.Resize='off';
% 显示图像axes区域
imgAxes=uiaxes('Parent',atlaFig);
imgAxes.Position=[10,10,480,480];
imgAxes.XLim=[0,100];
imgAxes.YLim=[0,100];
imgAxes.XTick=[];
imgAxes.YTick=[];
imgAxes.Box='on';
imgAxes.Toolbar.Visible='off';
% 显示色卡axes区域
atlaAxes=uiaxes('Parent',atlaFig);
atlaAxes.Position=[500,90,240,400];
atlaAxes.XLim=[0,240];
atlaAxes.YLim=[0,400];
atlaAxes.XTick=[];
atlaAxes.YTick=[];
atlaAxes.Box='on';
atlaAxes.Toolbar.Visible='on';
hold(atlaAxes,'on')
% 重绘色卡函数
function freshColorAtla(~,~)
hold(atlaAxes,'off')
plot(atlaAxes,[-1,-1],[-1,-1]);
hold(atlaAxes,'on')
text(atlaAxes,10,370,'Colour Atla','FontName','Cambria','FontSize',21);
for i=1:size(colorList,1)
fill(atlaAxes,[10 120 120 10],[370 370 390 390]-50-28*(i-1),colorList(i,:)./255)
switch colorType
case 1 % 显示RGB [0 1]格式颜色数据
tempColorR=sprintf('%.2f',colorList(i,1)./255);
tempColorG=sprintf('%.2f',colorList(i,2)./255);
tempColorB=sprintf('%.2f',colorList(i,3)./255);
text(atlaAxes,133,330-28*(i-1),...
[tempColorR,' ',tempColorG,' ',tempColorB],...
'FontName','Cambria','FontSize',16);
case 2 % 显示RGB[0 255]格式颜色数据
text(atlaAxes,135,330-28*(i-1),...
[num2str(colorList(i,1)),' ',...
num2str(colorList(i,2)),' ',...
num2str(colorList(i,3))],...
'FontName','Cambria','FontSize',16);
case 3 % 显示16进制格式颜色数据
exchange_list={'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'};
tempColor16='#';
for ii=1:3
temp_num=colorList(i,ii);
tempColor16(1+ii*2-1)=exchange_list{(temp_num-mod(temp_num,16))/16+1};
tempColor16(1+ii*2)=exchange_list{mod(temp_num,16)+1};
end
text(atlaAxes,135,330-28*(i-1),tempColor16,'FontName','Cambria','FontSize',16);
case 4 % 显示hsv格式颜色数据
[h,s,v]=rgb2hsv(colorList(i,1),colorList(i,2),colorList(i,3));
text(atlaAxes,130,330-28*(i-1),...
[sprintf('%.2f',h),' ',...
sprintf('%.2f',s),' ',...
num2str(v)],...
'FontName','Cambria','FontSize',16);
end
end
outputData()
end
freshColorAtla()
% =========================================================================
% 选择k-means k值按钮（颜色数量按钮）
uilabel('parent',atlaFig,'Text',' ColorNum','FontName','Cambria','FontWeight','bold',...
'FontSize',15,'BackgroundColor',[0.31 0.58 0.80],'position',[500,50,80,25],'FontColor',[1 1 1]);
CNsetBtn=uispinner(atlaFig,'Value',2,'limit',[2 12],'FontName','Cambria','Step',1,...
'ValueDisplayFormat','%.f','FontSize',14,'ValueChangedFcn',@CNset,'position',[580,50,50,25]);
function CNset(~,~)% color number set function
colorNum=CNsetBtn.Value;
end
% 选择颜色类型按钮
uilabel('parent',atlaFig,'Text',' ColorType','FontName','Cambria','FontWeight','bold',...
'FontSize',15,'BackgroundColor',[0.31 0.58 0.80],'position',[500,15,90,25],'FontColor',[1 1 1]);
TPsetBtnGp=uidropdown('parent',atlaFig);
TPsetBtnGp.Items={' [0 1]';'[0 255]';' #hex';' HSV'};
TPsetBtnGp.ValueChangedFcn=@TPset;
TPsetBtnGp.Position=[580,15,70,25];
TPsetBtnGp.Value=' #hex';
function TPset(~,~)% color type set function
switch TPsetBtnGp.Value
case ' [0 1]',colorType=1;
case '[0 255]',colorType=2;
case ' #hex', colorType=3;
case ' HSV', colorType=4;
end
freshColorAtla()
end
% 导入图片按钮
uibutton(atlaFig,'Text','Load Img','BackgroundColor',[0.59 0.71 0.84],'FontColor',[1 1 1],...
'FontWeight','bold','Position',[640,50,100,25],'FontName','Cambria','FontSize',15,'ButtonPushedFcn',@LDimg);
function LDimg(~,~)
try
[filename, pathname] = uigetfile({'*.jpg;*.tif;*.png;*.gif','All Image Files';...
'*.*','All Files' });
oriPic=imread([pathname,filename]);
[imgXLim,imgYLim,~]=size(oriPic);
len=max([imgXLim,imgYLim]);
imgAxes.XLim=[0 len];
imgAxes.YLim=[0 len];
hold(imgAxes,'off')
imshow(oriPic,'Parent',imgAxes)
Rchannel=oriPic(:,:,1);
Gchannel=oriPic(:,:,2);
Bchannel=oriPic(:,:,3);
RGBList=double([Rchannel(:),Gchannel(:),Bchannel(:)]);
catch
end
end
% 开始聚类按钮
uibutton(atlaFig,'Text','RUN','BackgroundColor',[0.59 0.71 0.84],'FontColor',[1 1 1],...
'FontWeight','bold','Position',[660,15,80,25],'FontName','Cambria','FontSize',15,'ButtonPushedFcn',@runKmeans);
function runKmeans(~,~)
[~,C]=kmeans(RGBList,colorNum,'Distance','sqeuclidean','MaxIter',1000,'Display','iter');
% 以下为聚类结束后的重排序，
% 依据RGB矩阵均值最大列为正权重
% RGB均值次大、最小列为负权重
% 对颜色数组进行重排序[为了更好的视觉效果]
C=round(C);
cmean=mean(C,1);
[~,cindex]=sort(cmean,'descend');
coe=zeros(3,1);
coe(cindex(1))=1;
coe(cindex(2))=-0.4;
coe(cindex(3))=-0.6;
[~,index]=sort(C*coe,'descend');
C=C(index,:);
colorList=C;
freshColorAtla()
end
% 命令行输出数据函数
function outputData(~,~)
disp(['output time:',datestr(now)])
disp('color list:')
for i=1:size(colorList,1)
switch colorType % 与色卡显示类似
case 1
tempData(i,:)=roundn(colorList(i,:)./255,-2);
case 2
tempData(i,:)=colorList(i,:);
case 3
exchange_list={'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'};
tempColor16='#';
for ii=1:3
temp_num=colorList(i,ii);
tempColor16(1+ii*2-1)=exchange_list{(temp_num-mod(temp_num,16))/16+1};
tempColor16(1+ii*2)=exchange_list{mod(temp_num,16)+1};
end
tempData(i,1)={tempColor16};
case 4
[h,s,v]=rgb2hsv(colorList(i,1),colorList(i,2),colorList(i,3));
tempData(i,:)=[h,s,v];
end
end
disp(tempData);
end
end
function demo
oriPic=imread('test.png');
colorNum=8;
Rchannel=oriPic(:,:,1);
Gchannel=oriPic(:,:,2);
Bchannel=oriPic(:,:,3);
RGBList=double([Rchannel(:),Gchannel(:),Bchannel(:)]);
[index,C]=kmeans(RGBList,colorNum,'Distance','sqeuclidean','MaxIter',1000,'Display','iter');
hold on
grid on
STR=[];
C=round(C)
for i=1:colorNum
scatter3(RGBList(index==i,1),RGBList(index==i,2),RGBList(index==i,3),...
'filled','CData',C(i,:)./255);
STR{i}=[num2str(C(i,1)),' ',num2str(C(i,2)),' ',num2str(C(i,3))];
end
legend(STR,'Color',[0.9412 0.9412 0.9412],'FontName','Cambria','LineWidth',0.8,'FontSize',11)
ax=gca;
ax.GridLineStyle='--';
ax.LineWidth = 1.2;
ax.XLabel.String='R channel';
ax.XLabel.FontSize=13;
ax.XLabel.FontName='Cambria';
ax.YLabel.String='G channel';
ax.YLabel.FontSize=13;
ax.YLabel.FontName='Cambria';
ax.ZLabel.String='B channel';
ax.ZLabel.FontSize=13;
ax.ZLabel.FontName='Cambria';
end
