X.509格式的证书是使用的最为广泛的，而在实际的使用中，对一个符合此格式的证书确认其基本信息，比如使用的算法、过期时间、CN信息、Subject信息等等都是非常常见的操作，这篇文章将结合实例对于使用x509子命令查询证书进行整理和说明。
准备一个使用X.509格式的证书， 详细可参看：
- https://liumiaocn.blog.csdn.net/article/details/103482436
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# ls cert-test.crt cert-test.crt [root@liumiaocn certificate]# file cert-test.crt cert-test.crt: PEM certificate [root@liumiaocn certificate]#使用-text 显示证书详细信息
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -text
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -text
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
54:e1:48:6e:70:1d:78:32:af:c2:19:0f:3d:12:96:69:13:38:86:a1
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C = CN, ST = LiaoNing, L = DaLian, O = devops, OU = unicorn, CN = devops.com, emailAddress = liumiaocn@outlook.com
Validity
Not Before: Dec 9 21:40:14 2019 GMT
Not After : Dec 6 21:40:14 2029 GMT
Subject: C = CN, ST = LiaoNing, L = DaLian, O = devops, OU = unicorn, CN = devops.com, emailAddress = liumiaocn@outlook.com
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
RSA Public-Key: (2048 bit)
Modulus:
00:c7:bf:f1:a5:e3:47:86:b8:af:f7:47:ad:ca:1e:
44:6a:1b:a7:ca:0c:96:47:3e:fd:61:66:c9:95:bc:
7a:2a:ff:f5:37:aa:fe:bd:c2:d3:0c:6a:d6:7d:f6:
92:b0:9f:a2:a2:ea:bd:72:e6:6f:cf:ce:cd:36:f2:
52:85:81:89:c0:63:c3:35:7b:ff:62:31:8a:31:cf:
fa:a4:09:05:d8:99:45:ef:64:a4:99:b4:4b:1c:3d:
b6:f4:dd:69:83:f4:8c:aa:ac:1b:9d:57:2f:32:00:
91:e3:e5:c0:de:62:4a:e0:e5:8f:a5:54:95:76:d7:
82:bd:a0:a8:20:e6:a4:37:cd:6c:6e:01:c8:13:00:
a5:5f:41:8f:cc:dd:bd:2f:e8:39:11:10:04:73:84:
e3:dd:29:32:a3:46:97:4e:6f:7b:38:6c:aa:ab:58:
62:3f:bc:6a:47:6b:aa:01:d7:6b:3f:81:fe:23:da:
67:3e:8f:f8:c8:38:70:bb:af:45:28:6c:1a:f5:ad:
e3:d1:f6:84:aa:d3:02:15:f0:ca:3e:76:aa:be:54:
c9:1c:1c:28:97:50:67:64:e5:49:bc:05:85:5e:7d:
4e:83:ac:f0:05:90:e5:d5:6f:25:14:e2:b8:95:96:
e2:e0:8d:97:2d:26:f3:41:f3:54:7a:1a:07:38:af:
0e:11
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
86:46:7D:66:38:F5:BD:DB:5F:C0:E6:9F:54:38:3C:4D:34:85:D9:33
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:86:46:7D:66:38:F5:BD:DB:5F:C0:E6:9F:54:38:3C:4D:34:85:D9:33
X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
CA:TRUE
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
b9:2e:92:7d:66:08:07:3e:f6:c3:b2:4a:d0:27:5d:37:2a:09:
bd:3b:3f:0f:a0:38:1a:c7:75:d7:ba:39:89:9e:08:67:6a:d6:
f7:72:ad:0c:3b:c1:73:19:d8:6f:5c:bb:22:23:2a:11:d7:21:
fd:c7:8e:98:a4:31:0a:f7:ca:14:d1:81:b9:6d:3a:4e:ad:f3:
59:c0:bc:46:8c:61:cd:d6:ce:9b:a5:8a:43:db:7c:cb:89:a7:
f5:c4:bb:86:93:0d:ad:c1:28:e4:ee:26:45:e8:8e:1f:78:67:
0a:91:fa:ef:c5:14:b7:7c:85:db:6d:1b:23:55:ef:91:6b:47:
31:ed:e2:dd:07:a9:2f:e3:5f:95:13:61:90:52:1a:7c:e6:09:
ee:ab:46:44:07:fc:1e:2d:cf:92:39:af:c6:c1:4a:7a:f9:34:
df:ff:a9:47:9f:76:71:27:6d:e3:72:66:2c:5b:2c:8e:dd:de:
55:3d:eb:68:cf:11:7a:13:3d:6d:12:b2:7c:f4:79:18:9c:20:
d7:a2:72:cc:fe:c5:0e:74:bd:7c:41:36:03:26:5c:12:9f:e4:
a8:87:16:1f:1b:67:45:34:7d:4a:05:83:7b:a8:56:8b:5a:dc:
42:d7:92:39:19:50:d0:56:08:e9:18:02:38:82:22:f0:84:c3:
bc:a5:84:56
[root@liumiaocn certificate]#
显示证书有效期
证书有效期的开始日期（notBefore）：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -startdate
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -startdate notBefore=Dec 9 21:40:14 2019 GMT [root@liumiaocn certificate]#
证书有效期的终止日期（notAfter）：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -enddate
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -enddate notAfter=Dec 6 21:40:14 2029 GMT [root@liumiaocn certificate]#
证书有效期（开始日期+终止日期）：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -dates
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -dates notBefore=Dec 9 21:40:14 2019 GMT notAfter=Dec 6 21:40:14 2029 GMT [root@liumiaocn certificate]#
另外这些选项都可以结合使用，比如终止日期+开始日期还可以这样确认
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -startdate -enddate notBefore=Dec 9 21:40:14 2019 GMT notAfter=Dec 6 21:40:14 2029 GMT [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书中（证书持有者）Subject信息（DN）
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -subject
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -subject subject=C = CN, ST = LiaoNing, L = DaLian, O = devops, OU = unicorn, CN = devops.com, emailAddress = liumiaocn@outlook.com [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书中Subject的哈希编码信息
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -subject_hash
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -subject_hash 73bbfd13 [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书中Issuer（证书签发者）信息（DN）
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -issuer
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -issuer issuer=C = CN, ST = LiaoNing, L = DaLian, O = devops, OU = unicorn, CN = devops.com, emailAddress = liumiaocn@outlook.com [root@liumiaocn certificate]#
结合前面的持有者信息，可以看到此证书的持有者和颁发者是相同的自签名证书。
显示证书中证书签发者的哈希编码信息执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -issuer_hash
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -issuer_hash 73bbfd13 [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书中公钥信息
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -pubkey
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -pubkey -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAx7/xpeNHhriv90etyh5E ahunygyWRz79YWbJlbx6Kv/1N6r+vcLTDGrWffaSsJ+iouq9cuZvz87NNvJShYGJ wGPDNXv/YjGKMc/6pAkF2JlF72SkmbRLHD229N1pg/SMqqwbnVcvMgCR4+XA3mJK 4OWPpVSVdteCvaCoIOakN81sbgHIEwClX0GPzN29L+g5ERAEc4Tj3Skyo0aXTm97 OGyqq1hiP7xqR2uqAddrP4H+I9pnPo/4yDhwu69FKGwa9a3j0faEqtMCFfDKPnaq vlTJHBwol1BnZOVJvAWFXn1Og6zwBZDl1W8lFOK4lZbi4I2XLSbzQfNUehoHOK8O EQIDAQAB -----END PUBLIC KEY----- [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书的序列号信息
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -serial
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -serial serial=54E1486E701D7832AFC2190F3D129669133886A1 [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书的指纹信息
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -fingerprint
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -fingerprint SHA1 Fingerprint=CF:A5:EF:1F:69:C3:A8:04:7A:DE:C1:DF:55:0F:B2:93:70:7D:5B:3D [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书中RSA密钥的modulus信息
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -modulus
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -modulus Modulus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root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书中的email信息
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -email
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -email liumiaocn@outlook.com [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书用途
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -purpose
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -purpose Certificate purposes: SSL client : Yes SSL client CA : Yes SSL server : Yes SSL server CA : Yes Netscape SSL server : Yes Netscape SSL server CA : Yes S/MIME signing : Yes S/MIME signing CA : Yes S/MIME encryption : Yes S/MIME encryption CA : Yes CRL signing : Yes CRL signing CA : Yes Any Purpose : Yes Any Purpose CA : Yes OCSP helper : Yes OCSP helper CA : Yes Time Stamp signing : No Time Stamp signing CA : Yes [root@liumiaocn certificate]#显示证书内容（C编码格式方式）
执行示例命令：openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -C
[root@liumiaocn certificate]# openssl x509 -in cert-test.crt -noout -C
/*
* Subject: C = CN, ST = LiaoNing, L = DaLian, O = devops, OU = unicorn, CN = devops.com, emailAddress = liumiaocn@outlook.com
* Issuer: C = CN, ST = LiaoNing, L = DaLian, O = devops, OU = unicorn, CN = devops.com, emailAddress = liumiaocn@outlook.com
*/
unsigned char the_subject_name[146] = {
0x30, 0x81, 0x8F, 0x31, 0x0B, 0x30, 0x09, 0x06, 0x03, 0x55,
0x04, 0x06, 0x13, 0x02, 0x43, 0x4E, 0x31, 0x11, 0x30, 0x0F,
0x06, 0x03, 0x55, 0x04, 0x08, 0x0C, 0x08, 0x4C, 0x69, 0x61,
0x6F, 0x4E, 0x69, 0x6E, 0x67, 0x31, 0x0F, 0x30, 0x0D, 0x06,
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0x6F, 0x6B, 0x2E, 0x63, 0x6F, 0x6D
};
unsigned char the_public_key[294] = {
0x30, 0x82, 0x01, 0x22, 0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86,
0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00, 0x03,
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0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0xC7, 0xBF, 0xF1, 0xA5, 0xE3, 0x47, 0x86,
0xB8, 0xAF, 0xF7, 0x47, 0xAD, 0xCA, 0x1E, 0x44, 0x6A, 0x1B,
0xA7, 0xCA, 0x0C, 0x96, 0x47, 0x3E, 0xFD, 0x61, 0x66, 0xC9,
0x95, 0xBC, 0x7A, 0x2A, 0xFF, 0xF5, 0x37, 0xAA, 0xFE, 0xBD,
0xC2, 0xD3, 0x0C, 0x6A, 0xD6, 0x7D, 0xF6, 0x92, 0xB0, 0x9F,
0xA2, 0xA2, 0xEA, 0xBD, 0x72, 0xE6, 0x6F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0xCD,
0x36, 0xF2, 0x52, 0x85, 0x81, 0x89, 0xC0, 0x63, 0xC3, 0x35,
0x7B, 0xFF, 0x62, 0x31, 0x8A, 0x31, 0xCF, 0xFA, 0xA4, 0x09,
0x05, 0xD8, 0x99, 0x45, 0xEF, 0x64, 0xA4, 0x99, 0xB4, 0x4B,
0x1C, 0x3D, 0xB6, 0xF4, 0xDD, 0x69, 0x83, 0xF4, 0x8C, 0xAA,
0xAC, 0x1B, 0x9D, 0x57, 0x2F, 0x32, 0x00, 0x91, 0xE3, 0xE5,
0xC0, 0xDE, 0x62, 0x4A, 0xE0, 0xE5, 0x8F, 0xA5, 0x54, 0x95,
0x76, 0xD7, 0x82, 0xBD, 0xA0, 0xA8, 0x20, 0xE6, 0xA4, 0x37,
0xCD, 0x6C, 0x6E, 0x01, 0xC8, 0x13, 0x00, 0xA5, 0x5F, 0x41,
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0x6F, 0x7B, 0x38, 0x6C, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0x58, 0x62, 0x3F, 0xBC,
0x6A, 0x47, 0x6B, 0xAA, 0x01, 0xD7, 0x6B, 0x3F, 0x81, 0xFE,
0x23, 0xDA, 0x67, 0x3E, 0x8F, 0xF8, 0xC8, 0x38, 0x70, 0xBB,
0xAF, 0x45, 0x28, 0x6C, 0x1A, 0xF5, 0xAD, 0xE3, 0xD1, 0xF6,
0x84, 0xAA, 0xD3, 0x02, 0x15, 0xF0, 0xCA, 0x3E, 0x76, 0xAA,
0xBE, 0x54, 0xC9, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x28, 0x97, 0x50, 0x67, 0x64,
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0xF0, 0x05, 0x90, 0xE5, 0xD5, 0x6F, 0x25, 0x14, 0xE2, 0xB8,
0x95, 0x96, 0xE2, 0xE0, 0x8D, 0x97, 0x2D, 0x26, 0xF3, 0x41,
0xF3, 0x54, 0x7A, 0x1A, 0x07, 0x38, 0xAF, 0x0E, 0x11, 0x02,
0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01
};
unsigned char the_certificate[1029] = {
0x30, 0x82, 0x04, 0x01, 0x30, 0x82, 0x02, 0xE9, 0xA0, 0x03,
0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x14, 0x54, 0xE1, 0x48, 0x6E, 0x70,
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};
[root@liumiaocn certificate]#
