MATLAB | 一行代码生成箭头坐标轴，为坐标轴增添箭头

属实是写工具函数写上瘾了，又写了一个一行代码将坐标轴变为箭头坐标轴的函数，而且可以对其进行随意拖动和缩放(拖动需要先点击那个像手掌的符号)： 功能函数的引用非常简单，就只是在最后面加上一行：

arrowAxes()

或者

arrowAxes(ax)

即可，以下给出几个例子：

demo1 基础使用

就像上面说的一样，编写好代码后在最后面引用一下工具函数即可：

% arrow axes demo1 % @author:slandarer

t=-pi:.2:2*pi; stem(t,sin(t),'LineWidth',1.5); arrowAxes() 

demo2 轴方向

可以调整坐标区域的XAxisLocation属性及YAxisLocation属性来调整坐标轴的方向和位置，总共有九种组合，篇幅问题这里不一一列举，想了解的可以去以下网址瞅瞅：

坐标区的外观和行为 - MATLAB - MathWorks 中国

这里只列举常用的四种：

% arrow axes demo2 % @author:slandarer

t=-pi:.2:2*pi; % 子图1 ax1=subplot(2,2,1); plot(t,sin(t),'LineWidth',1.5); arrowAxes(ax1) % 子图2 ax2=subplot(2,2,2); plot(t,sin(t),'LineWidth',1.5); ax2.XAxisLocation='top'; ax2.YAxisLocation='right'; arrowAxes(ax2) % 子图3 ax3=subplot(2,2,3); plot(t,sin(t),'LineWidth',1.5); ax3.XAxisLocation='origin'; arrowAxes(ax3) % 子图4 ax4=subplot(2,2,4); plot(t,sin(t),'LineWidth',1.5); ax4.XAxisLocation='origin'; ax4.YAxisLocation='origin'; arrowAxes(ax4) 

demo3 轴的其他属性

在引用工具函数前调整坐标轴的粗细和颜色，引用工具函数时，工具函数会自动提取坐标轴的属性并赋予箭头坐标轴：

% arrow axes demo3 % @author:slandarer

t=-pi:.2:2*pi; stem(t,sin(t),'LineWidth',1.5); % 修改坐标轴属性
ax=gca; ax.XColor=[1,0,0]; ax.LineWidth=2; ax.XAxisLocation='origin'; arrowAxes(ax) 

后言

不管画多少子图，怎样的轴方向和位置，每个子图都能像如下这样任意调整坐标范围和图像缩放。

工具函数完整代码

function arrowAxes(ax) % % @author: slandarer % @公众号: slandarer随笔 % @知乎 : hikari % @CSDN : slandarer % % 期待您的关注!!! help arrowAxes % 若不希望输出[作者信息],请删除这行 if nargin<1 ax=gca; end

ax.Box='off'; ax.UserData.arrow{1}=[]; ax.UserData.arrow{2}=[]; ax.UserData.arrow{3}=[]; ax.UserData.arrow{4}=[]; pos=ax.Position; xm=.02; ym=.02; % ------------------------------------------------------------------------- switch ax.XAxisLocation case 'bottom' ax.UserData.arrow{2}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Color=ax.YColor; ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2),0,pos(4)+ym]; case 'top' ax.UserData.arrow{4}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Color=ax.YColor; ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2)+pos(4),0,-pos(4)-ym]; case 'origin' ax.UserData.arrow{2}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Color=ax.YColor; ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2),0,pos(4)+ym]; ax.UserData.arrow{4}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Color=ax.YColor; ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2)+pos(4),0,-pos(4)-ym]; end switch ax.YAxisLocation case 'left' ax.UserData.arrow{1}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Color=ax.XColor; ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2),pos(3)+xm,0]; case 'right' ax.UserData.arrow{3}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Color=ax.XColor; ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2),-pos(3)-xm,0]; case 'origin' ax.UserData.arrow{1}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Color=ax.XColor; ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2),pos(3)+xm,0]; ax.UserData.arrow{3}=annotation('arrow'); ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Color=ax.XColor; ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2),-pos(3)-xm,0]; end if strcmp(ax.XAxisLocation,'top') if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{1}),ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2)+pos(4),pos(3)+xm,0];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{3}),ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2)+pos(4),-pos(3)-xm,0];end
end if strcmp(ax.YAxisLocation,'right') if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{2}),ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2),0,pos(4)+ym];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{4}),ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2)+pos(4),0,-pos(4)-ym];end
end for i=1:4 if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{i}),ax.UserData.arrow{i}.LineWidth=ax.LineWidth;end
end reArrow() % ------------------------------------------------------------------------- function reArrow(~,~) if strcmp(ax.XAxisLocation,'origin') pos=ax.Position; ylim=ax.YLim; sepy=(0-ylim(1))./(ylim(2)-ylim(1)).*pos(4); switch true case ylim(2)<=0 if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{1}),ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2)+pos(4),pos(3)+xm,0];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{3}),ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2)+pos(4),-pos(3)-xm,0];end case ylim(1)>=0 if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{1}),ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2),pos(3)+xm,0];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{3}),ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2),-pos(3)-xm,0];end case ylim(2)>0&ylim(1)<0 if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{1}),ax.UserData.arrow{1}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2)+sepy,pos(3)+xm,0];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{3}),ax.UserData.arrow{3}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2)+sepy,-pos(3)-xm,0];end
    end
end if strcmp(ax.YAxisLocation,'origin') pos=ax.Position; xlim=ax.XLim; sepx=(0-xlim(1))./(xlim(2)-xlim(1)).*pos(3); switch true case xlim(2)<=0 if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{2}),ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2),0,pos(4)+ym];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{4}),ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Position=[pos(1)+pos(3),pos(2)+pos(4),0,-pos(4)-ym];end case xlim(1)>=0 if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{2}),ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2),0,pos(4)+ym];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{4}),ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Position=[pos(1),pos(2)+pos(4),0,-pos(4)-ym];end case xlim(2)>0&xlim(1)<0 if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{2}),ax.UserData.arrow{2}.Position=[pos(1)+sepx,pos(2),0,pos(4)+ym];end if ~isempty(ax.UserData.arrow{4}),ax.UserData.arrow{4}.Position=[pos(1)+sepx,pos(2)+pos(4),0,-pos(4)-ym];end
    end
end
end set(ax.Parent,'WindowButtonMotionFcn',@reArrow); % 设置鼠标按下回调
end