centos 7.8下安装go1.18.3版本

1、下载golang二进制包

下载地址：https://studygolang.com/dl

下载命令：wget https://studygolang.com/dl/golang/go1.18.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# wget https://studygolang.com/dl/golang/go1.11.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz
......
100%[====================================================================================================================>] 141,748,419 11.0MB/s   in 11s    

2022-06-14 19:41:58 (12.1 MB/s) - ‘go1.18.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz’ saved [141748419/141748419]

2、将golang二进制压缩包解压至/usr/local下

tar -C /usr/local -xvf go1.18.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz

3、创建go的项目目录

mkdir /opt/gopath

4、添加go环境变量

# vim /etc/profile

#go
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
export GOPATH=/opt/gopath

5、使环境变量生效

source /etc/profile

6、查看环境变量是否生效

# go env
GO111MODULE=""
GOARCH="amd64"
GOBIN=""
GOCACHE="/root/.cache/go-build"
GOENV="/root/.config/go/env"
GOEXE=""
GOEXPERIMENT=""
GOFLAGS=""
GOHOSTARCH="amd64"
GOHOSTOS="linux"
GOINSECURE=""
GOMODCACHE="/opt/gopath/pkg/mod"
GONOPROXY=""
GONOSUMDB=""
GOOS="linux"
GOPATH="/opt/gopath"
GOPRIVATE=""
GOPROXY="https://goproxy.cn,direct"
GOROOT="/usr/local/go"
GOSUMDB="sum.golang.org"
GOTMPDIR=""
GOTOOLDIR="/usr/local/go/pkg/tool/linux_amd64"
GOVCS=""
GOVERSION="go1.18.3"
GCCGO="gccgo"
GOAMD64="v1"
AR="ar"
CC="gcc"
CXX="g++"
CGO_ENABLED="1"
GOMOD="/dev/null"
GOWORK=""
CGO_CFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_CPPFLAGS=""
CGO_CXXFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_FFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_LDFLAGS="-g -O2"
PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config"
GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/tmp/go-build3803708740=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches"

7、查看安装的golang版本

# go version
go version go1.18.3 linux/amd64

8、名词解释

- **GOROOT**：golang的安装路径，以上安装在/usr/local/go/下
- **GOPATH**：go的工作目录

**GOPATH目录约定由三个目录：**

- src存放源代码(比如：.go .c .h .s等)
- pkg编译时生成的中间文件（比如：.a）
- bin编译后生成的可执行文件