Linux系统下与终端相关的命令

一、命令 who or w 可以显示有哪些终端登录

[root@htlwk0001host ~]# w
 17:37:33 up 425 days,  7:35,  4 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.00
USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
root     tty1     -                238月20 153days  0.01s  0.01s -bash
root     pts/0    112.50.131.179   09:55    1.00s  0.02s  0.00s w
root     tty3     -                022月21 261days  0.48s  0.48s -bash
root     tty2     -                022月21 261days  0.01s  0.01s -bash
[root@htlwk0001host ~]# who
root     tty1         2020-08-23 10:20
root     pts/0        2021-10-22 09:55 (112.50.131.179)
root     tty3         2021-02-02 18:08
root     tty2         2021-02-02 21:01

二、命令 who am i 用来显示当前终端是哪一个

[root@htlwk0001host ~]# who am i
root     pts/0        2021-10-22 09:55 (112.50.131.179)

三、命令 tty 显示当前终端的设备文件

[root@htlwk0001host ~]# tty
/dev/pts/0

注：终端都会被抽象成操作系统中的某个文件。

四、命令 chvt 用来切换虚拟终端

chvt 2 等同于 Ctrl + Alt + F2 快捷键，注意：在图形界面不行。

五、命令 last 显示每个终端的登录时间和持续时间等信息

[root@htlwk0001host ~]# last
root     pts/0        112.50.131.179   Fri Oct 22 09:55   still logged in
root     pts/0        112.50.84.94     Thu Oct 21 13:47 - 20:33  (06:45)
root     pts/0        112.50.84.94     Tue Oct 19 15:59 - 22:00  (06:01)
root     pts/1        112.50.84.94     Sun Oct 17 11:26 - 23:43  (12:17)
root     pts/0        112.50.84.94     Sun Oct 17 10:56 - 23:43  (12:47)
root     pts/1        112.50.84.94     Sat Oct 16 15:10 - 23:21  (08:11)
root     pts/0        112.50.84.94     Sat Oct 16 15:03 - 23:23  (08:19)
root     pts/1        112.50.84.94     Fri Oct 15 10:54 - 00:04  (13:09)
root     pts/0        112.50.84.94     Fri Oct 15 08:18 - 21:17  (12:58)

六、命令 toe -a 列出系统支持的所有终端类型

[root@htlwk0001host ~]# toe -a
Eterm-256color	Eterm with xterm 256-colors
Eterm-88color	Eterm with 88 colors
Eterm     	Eterm with xterm-style color support (X Window System)
ansi      	ansi/pc-term compatible with color
aterm     	AfterStep terminal
bterm     	bogl virtual terminal
cygwin    	ANSI emulation for Cygwin
cons25    	freebsd console (25-line ansi mode)
dumb      	80-column dumb tty
eterm     	gnu emacs term.el terminal emulation
eterm-color	Emacs term.el terminal emulator term-protocol-version 0.96
gnome     	GNOME Terminal
gnome-256color	GNOME Terminal with xterm 256-colors
hurd      	The GNU Hurd console server
konsole   	KDE console window
konsole-256color	KDE console window with xterm 256-colors
kon       	Kanji ON Linux console
linux     	linux console
mach      	Mach Console
mach-bold 	Mach Console with bold instead of underline
mach-color	Mach Console with ANSI color
mach-gnu  	GNU Mach
mach-gnu-color	Mach Console with ANSI color
mlterm    	multi lingual terminal emulator
mrxvt     	multitabbed rxvt
nsterm    	AppKit Terminal.app
pcansi    	ibm-pc terminal programs claiming to be ansi
putty     	PuTTY terminal emulator
putty-256color	PuTTY 0.58 with xterm 256-colors
rxvt      	rxvt terminal emulator (X Window System)
rxvt-16color	rxvt with 16 colors like aixterm
rxvt-256color	rxvt 2.7.9 with xterm 256-colors
rxvt-88color	rxvt 2.7.9 with xterm 88-colors
rxvt-basic	rxvt terminal base (X Window System)
rxvt-color	rxvt terminal emulator (X Window System)
rxvt-cygwin	rxvt terminal emulator (X Window System) on cygwin
rxvt-cygwin-native	rxvt terminal emulator (native MS Window System port) on cygwin
rxvt-unicode	rxvt-unicode terminal (X Window System)
rxvt-xpm  	rxvt terminal emulator (X Window System)
screen    	VT 100/ANSI X3.64 virtual terminal
screen-16color	GNU Screen with 16 colors
screen-256color	GNU Screen with 256 colors
screen.Eterm	screen in Eterm
screen.gnome	screen in GNOME Terminal
screen.konsole	screen in KDE console window
screen.konsole-256color	GNU Screen with konsole using 256 colors
screen.linux	screen in linux console
screen.mlterm	screen in mlterm
screen.mlterm-256color	GNU Screen with mlterm using 256 colors
screen.mrxvt	screen in mrxvt
screen.putty	screen in putty
screen.putty-256color	GNU Screen with putty using 256 colors
screen.rxvt	screen in rxvt
screen.teraterm	disable ncv in teraterm
screen.vte	screen in any VTE-based terminal
screen.vte-256color	GNU Screen with vte using 256 colors
screen.xterm-256color	GNU Screen with xterm using 256 colors
screen.xterm-r6	screen customized for X11R6 xterm
screen.xterm-xfree86	screen customized for modern xterm
st        	 simpleterm
st-16color	simpleterm with 16-colors
st-256color	simpleterm with 256 colors
sun       	Sun Microsystems Inc. workstation console
teraterm  	Tera Term
teraterm2.3	Tera Term Pro
tmux      	tmux terminal multiplexer
tmux-256color	tmux with 256 colors
vt100-nav 	vt100 without advanced video option
vt102     	dec vt102
vt52      	dec vt52
vte       	VTE aka GNOME Terminal
vte-256color	VTE with xterm 256-colors
vwmterm   	(vwm term)
vt100     	dec vt100 (w/advanced video)
vt220     	dec vt220
wsvt25    	NetBSD wscons in 25 line DEC VT220 mode
wsvt25m   	NetBSD wscons in 25 line DEC VT220 mode with Meta
xfce      	Xfce Terminal
xterm     	xterm terminal emulator (X Window System)
xterm-1002	xterm any-event mouse
xterm-1003	testing xterm-mouse
xterm-1005	xterm UTF-8 mouse
xterm-1006	xterm SGR-mouse
xterm-16color	xterm with 16 colors like aixterm
xterm-256color	xterm with 256 colors
xterm-88color	xterm with 88 colors
xterm-8bit	xterm terminal emulator 8-bit controls (X Window System)
xterm-basic	modern xterm terminal emulator - common
xterm-bold	xterm terminal emulator (X11R6 Window System) standout w/bold
xterm-direct	xterm with direct-color indexing
xterm-direct2	xterm with direct-color indexing (old)
xterm-hp  	xterm with hpterm function keys
xterm-new 	modern xterm terminal emulator
xterm-nic 	xterm with ich/ich1 suppressed for non-curses programs
xterm-noapp	xterm with cursor keys in normal mode
xterm-old 	antique xterm version
xterm-pcolor	xterm with color used for highlights and status line
xterm-r5  	xterm R5 version
xterm-r6  	xterm X11R6 version
xterm-sco 	xterm with SCO function keys
xterm-sun 	xterm with sunFunctionKeys true
xterm-utf8	xterm with no VT100 line-drawing in UTF-8 mode
xterm-vt220	xterm emulating vt220
xterm-vt52	xterm emulating dec vt52
xterm-x10mouse	X10 xterm mouse
xterm-x11hilite	X11 mouse with highlight
xterm-x11mouse	X11 mouse
xterm-xf86-v32	xterm terminal emulator (XFree86 3.2 Window System)
xterm-xf86-v33	xterm terminal emulator (XFree86 3.3 Window System)
xterm-xf86-v333	xterm terminal emulator (XFree86 3.3.3 Window System)
xterm-xf86-v40	xterm terminal emulator (XFree86 4.0 Window System)
xterm-xf86-v43	xterm terminal emulator (XFree86 4.3 Window System)
xterm-xf86-v44	xterm terminal emulator (XFree86 4.4 Window System)
xterm-xfree86	xterm terminal emulator (XFree86)
xterm-xi  	xterm on XI Graphics Accelerated X under BSD/OS 3.1
xterm-color	generic color xterm
xterm-24  	xterm terminal emulator (X Window System)

七、命令infocmp来比较两个终端的区别

比如 infocmp vt100 vt220 将会输出 vt100 和 vt220 的区别：

[root@htlwk0001host ~]# infocmp vt100 vt220
comparing vt100 to vt220.
    comparing booleans.
	mir: F:T.
    comparing numbers.
    comparing strings.
	blink: '\E[5m$', '\E[5m'.
	bold: '\E[1m$', '\E[1m'.
	clear: '\E[H\E[J$', '\E[H\E[J'.
	cuf1: '\E[C$', '\E[C'.
	cup: '\E[%i%p1%d;%p2%dH$', '\E[%i%p1%d;%p2%dH'.
	cuu1: '\E[A$', '\E[A'.
	dch: NULL, '\E[%p1%dP'.
	dch1: NULL, '\E[P'.
	dl: NULL, '\E[%p1%dM'.
	dl1: NULL, '\E[M'.
	...