39实战Query DSL搜索语法

1、一个例子让你明白什么是Query DSL

就是在query中可以设置query的类型

match_all：查询所有

match: 指定单个字段条件匹配查询

GET /_search
{
    "query": {
        "match_all": {}
    }
}

GET /test_index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

响应结果

{
  "took": 8,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 9,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "8",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test client 2"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "10",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field1": "test1",
          "test_field2": "updated test2"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "12",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test12"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "4",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field1": "test field111111"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "6",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test test"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "replaced test2"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "7",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test client 2"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field1": "test field1",
          "test_field2": "bulk test1"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "11",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "num": 1,
          "tags": []
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

2、Query DSL的基本语法

语法1 QUERY_NAME：{}

{
    QUERY_NAME: {
        ARGUMENT: VALUE,
        ARGUMENT: VALUE,...
    }
}

语法2 QUERY_NAME：{FIELD_NAME：{}}

{
    QUERY_NAME: {
        FIELD_NAME: {
            ARGUMENT: VALUE,
            ARGUMENT: VALUE,...
        }
    }
}

示例：查出test_field字段中含有test的document

GET /test_index/test_type/_search 
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "test_field": "test"
    }
  }
}

响应结果

{
  "took": 39,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 0.8835016,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "6",
        "_score": 0.8835016,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test test"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "8",
        "_score": 0.49191087,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test client 2"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "7",
        "_score": 0.25316024,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test client 2"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

3、如何组合多个搜索条件

组合查询需要用到bool

搜索需求：title必须包含elasticsearch，content可以包含elasticsearch也可以不包含，author_id必须不为111

1删除index，重新创建生成需要的mapping格式

DELETE website

响应结果

{
  "acknowledged": true
}

2创建需要的数据

PUT /website/article/1
{
  "title" : "my elasticsearch article",
  "content" : "elasticsearch is very good",
  "author_id" : 111
}

PUT /website/article/2
{
  "title" : "my elasticsearch article",
  "content" : "es is very good",
  "author_id" : 112
}

PUT /website/article/3
{
  "title" : "my elasticsearch article",
  "content" : "elasticsearch is very bad",
  "author_id" : 113
}

查询

GET website/article/_search

响应结果

{
  "took": 0,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "website",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "title": "my elasticsearch article",
          "content": "es is very good",
          "author_id": 112
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "website",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "title": "my elasticsearch article",
          "content": "elasticsearch is very good",
          "author_id": 111
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "website",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "title": "my elasticsearch article",
          "content": "elasticsearch is very bad",
          "author_id": 113
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

组合多个搜索条件

GET /website/article/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "title": "elasticsearch"
          }
        }
      ],
      "should": [
        {
          "match": {
            "content": "elasticsearch"
          }
        }
      ],
      "must_not": [
        {
          "match": {
            "author_id": 111
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

响应结果

{
  "took": 84,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 0.5408423,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "website",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 0.5408423,
        "_source": {
          "title": "my elasticsearch article",
          "content": "elasticsearch is very bad",
          "author_id": 113
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "website",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 0.25316024,
        "_source": {
          "title": "my elasticsearch article",
          "content": "es is very good",
          "author_id": 112
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}