【Linux 操作系统】阿里云服务器操作实战部署C语言开发环境(vim配置,gcc) 部署J2EE网站(jdk,tomcat)

作者 :万境绝尘

转载请注明出处 : http://blog.csdn.net/shulianghan/article/details/18964835

博客总结 : 设置SecureCRT显示行数 : 会话选项 -> 终端 -> 仿真 -> 回滚(回滚缓冲区) 设置一个NNNN值.

在公司呆久了, 感觉全身都生锈了, 突然心血来潮, 准备自己用java写一个网站.

选来选去, 最终感觉阿里云的服务器性价比蛮高的, 买了一个最便宜的配置用来学习用.

在家里配置了一下, 到了公司又不会配置了, 怕忘了写篇博客记录下来, 一通配置下来, 发现自己有运维工程师的潜质.

一. 配置服务器

1. 阿里云服务器相关的信息

阿里云会发一个短信到手机上, 上面有服务器的公网ip, root用户的用户名和密码.

先买一个月试用一下.

服务器还没有启用, 统计数据基本没啥用.

20G的磁盘

2. 使用SecureCRT终端连接

(1) 连接服务器

此时进入了终端, 界面比较戳 :

(2) 配置界面

选项 -> 会话选项进行如下配置 :

配置完之后的界面 :

界面看起来帅气多了.

3. 使用xftp上传文件

打开xftp之后就会弹出下面的对话框, 选择 New 按钮;

在这个界面配置连接服务器的参数, 注意要选择SFTP协议, 因为阿里云服务器默认选择没有安装FTP, 只能使用SFTP协议连接;

点击确定之后, 就会创建这个连接;

选择想要的连接, 点击connect按钮, 就可以连接到服务器上了.

root目录 :

根目录 :

上传一个文件示例 :

二. 配置C语言开发环境

1. 安装gcc

(1) 配置yum源

yum安装gcc很容易, 使用 yum -y install gcc 命令, 就可以安装gcc编译器, 但是除了一点问题:

yum命令 : 说明安装了yum

yum -y install gcc 命令安装gcc编译器 : 安装失败, 是因为没有安装yum源.

阿里云的服务器上安装了yum, 但是没有配置yum源, 这让人很郁闷, 尤其像我这种运维小白, 查资料吧, 终与搞定了;

yum源在 etc/yum.conf 文件中进行配置 :

阿里云服务器中的 yum.conf :

[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum
keepcache=0
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
distroverpkg=redhat-release
tolerant=1
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
exclude=*.i?86 kernel kernel-xen kernel-debug

# Note: yum-RHN-plugin doesn't honor this.
metadata_expire=1h

# Default.
# installonly_limit = 3

# PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo
# in /etc/yum.repos.d

显然里面没有配置yum源, 需要在后面加上下面的内容 :

[base]
name=CentOS-5 - Base
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

[update]
name=CentOS-5 - Updates
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

[addons]
name=CentOS-5 - Addons
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

[extras]
name=CentOS-5 - Extras
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

[centosplus]
name=CentOS-5 - Plus
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for RHEL5
baseurl=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag/

将yum源追加到 etc/yum.conf 配置文件中即可.

(2) GPG keys 错误

由于yum安装了不同版本的 GPG keys, 会出现下面的错误 :

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

此时解决方法 : 执行 rpm --import http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 命令即可解决该问题;

(3) 安装gcc编译器

执行 yum -y install gcc 命令, 即可成功安装gcc编译器.

[root@AY13120614215362640bZ ~]# yum -y install gcc
addons                                                                                                                                | 1.9 kB     00:00     
base                                                                                                                                  | 1.1 kB     00:00     
contrib                                                                                                                               | 1.9 kB     00:00     
dag                                                                                                                                   | 1.9 kB     00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                | 2.1 kB     00:00     
update                                                                                                                                | 1.9 kB     00:00     
Excluding Packages in global exclude list
Finished
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-54.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================================
 Package                           Arch                                 Version                                     Repository                          Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 gcc                               x86_64                               4.1.2-54.el5                                base                               5.3 M

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install      1 Package(s)         
Update       0 Package(s)         
Remove       0 Package(s)         

Total download size: 5.3 M
Downloading Packages:
gcc-4.1.2-54.el5.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                           | 5.3 MB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing     : gcc                                                                                                                                   1/1 

Installed:
  gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-54.el5                                                                                                                                  

Complete!

验证gcc安装成功 : 输入 gcc --help 命令

[root@AY13120614215362640bZ ~]# gcc --help
Usage: gcc [options] file...
Options:
  -pass-exit-codes         Exit with highest error code from a phase
  --help                   Display this information
  --target-help            Display target specific command line options
  (Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes)
  -dumpspecs               Display all of the built in spec strings
  -dumpversion             Display the version of the compiler
  -dumpmachine             Display the compiler's target processor
  -print-search-dirs       Display the directories in the compiler's search path
  -print-libgcc-file-name  Display the name of the compiler's companion library
  -print-file-name=   Display the full path to library 
  -print-prog-name=  Display the full path to compiler component 
  -print-multi-directory   Display the root directory for versions of libgcc
  -print-multi-lib         Display the mapping between command line options and
                           multiple library search directories
  -print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries
  -Wa,            Pass comma-separated  on to the assembler
  -Wp,            Pass comma-separated  on to the preprocessor
  -Wl,            Pass comma-separated  on to the linker
  -Xassembler         Pass  on to the assembler
  -Xpreprocessor      Pass  on to the preprocessor
  -Xlinker            Pass  on to the linker
  -combine                 Pass multiple source files to compiler at once
  -save-temps              Do not delete intermediate files
  -pipe                    Use pipes rather than intermediate files
  -time                    Time the execution of each subprocess
  -specs=            Override built-in specs with the contents of 
  -std=          Assume that the input sources are for 
  --sysroot=    Use  as the root directory for headers
                           for headers and libraries
  -B            Add  to the compiler's search paths
  -b              Run gcc for target , if installed
  -V              Run gcc version number , if installed
  -v                       Display the programs invoked by the compiler
  -###                     Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed
  -E                       Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link
  -S                       Compile only; do not assemble or link
  -c                       Compile and assemble, but do not link
  -o                 Place the output into 
  -x             Specify the language of the following input files
                           Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none
                           'none' means revert to the default behavior of
                           guessing the language based on the file's extension

Options starting with -g, -f, -m, -O, -W, or --param are automatically
 passed on to the various sub-processes invoked by gcc.  In order to pass
 other options on to these processes the -W options must be used.

For bug reporting instructions, please see:
.

2. 配置vim编辑器

一个好的vim编译器配置, 能让开发效率提升十倍, 这里推荐一个vim编辑器的配置文件 :

vimrc 文件下载地址 : http://download.csdn.net/detail/han1202012/6684437

使用xftp工具直接上传到服务器的 root下.

vim编辑器在secureCRT上的效果 :